How to Use Arc Force in Welding
Techniques, Benefits & Settings

ARC Force, also known as Dig or ARC Control, is a feature in welding machines that boosts the current while welding. It is used in situations where a tight arc is necessary to force metal into a joint or when welding thinner materials. Arc Force senses when the machine's voltage drops below a certain level and delivers a boost of current to stabilize the arc. To use Arc Force in welding, it can be adjusted to find the right level of current to prevent the electrode from sticking or the arc from extinguishing.

Modern welding inverters provide precise control over this parameter, allowing welders to tailor arc stiffness according to electrode type and base metal condition. Higher Arc Force values produce a more aggressive, digging arc ideal for root passes and poor fit-up; lower values yield a softer arc suitable for sheet metal.

Welding machines often come equipped with a Hot Start feature, which is a valuable tool for welders. When striking the arc, there is a risk of the electrode sticking to the cold metal surface. However, the Hot Start feature overcomes this problem by delivering a momentary boost of current at the start of the weld. This surge of current heats up both the electrode and the cold plate, creating a molten pool that promotes smooth welding. Moreover, the increased current helps to break down any oxide or contaminants on the metal surface, ensuring a clean weld.

Hot Start is a customizable feature that can be adjusted to meet the specific requirements of the welding task. The duration and current level of Hot Start can be tailored to optimize the welding process. Usually, these parameters are expressed as a percentage of the running weld current.

The duration of Hot Start plays a vital role in achieving the desired temperature for the electrode and the metal surface. It is generally recommended to start with a Hot Start duration of 0.25 to 0.5 seconds. This short burst of additional current effectively heats up both the electrode and the workpiece, ensuring a successful start to the welding process.

In addition to the duration, the current level of Hot Start can also be adjusted. The percentage of additional current delivered during the Hot Start phase depends on factors such as the electrode type, material thickness, and welding technique. It is crucial to strike the right balance of current to maintain a stable arc without generating excessive heat, which can result in weld defects.

For most welding applications, a Hot Start duration of 0.25 to 0.5 seconds and an additional 15 percent of the set welding current is a good starting point. This combination provides enough heat to prevent electrode sticking and helps establish a stable arc without the risk of overheating the material. However, these settings may vary based on individual preferences and the specific requirements of the welding job.

Experienced welders often fine-tune the Hot Start settings based on their skill level and the type of welding they are performing. Some may prefer a longer duration or a higher percentage of additional current, depending on factors such as the thickness of the material and the desired penetration. It is always advisable to experiment and adjust the settings until the optimal balance is achieved for each unique welding task.

Arc Force, also known as Dig or Arc Control, is a valuable feature found in modern welding machines. This feature continuously monitors the machine's voltage during the welding process and automatically adjusts the current to stabilize the arc.

During welding, there can be instances when the voltage drops below a certain level. These voltage drops can occur due to various factors, such as changes in the arc length, a variation in the type of electrodes used, or shifts in the electrical environment. When this happens, Arc Force senses the voltage drop and delivers a boost of current to stabilize the arc.

Arc Force enhances welding applications, particularly in scenarios requiring a tight arc. It plays a vital role in processes such as pipe welding or working in confined spaces where precise and focused arcs are crucial. The ability to boost current in response to voltage drops enables Arc Force to maintain stability and control, enabling welders to consistently achieve accurate results.

Additionally, when dealing with thinner materials, such as sheet metal or thin plates, there is an increased risk of heat distortion or burn-through. In such instances, Arc Force can be adjusted to deliver the appropriate current level, thus preventing the electrode from sticking and preserving the arc. This adjustment ensures proper fusion, preserving the material's integrity while minimizing heat-related issues.

Similar to Hot Start, the Arc Force feature allows for adjustment to ensure optimal welding conditions. The level of Arc Force can be customized based on the specific requirements of the welding task. By finding the right balance, welders can prevent electrode sticking or extinguishing of the arc, thereby achieving quality welds.

To adjust Arc Force, welders need to consider factors such as the electrode type, material thickness, joint configuration, and personal preferences. Increasing the Arc Force level provides more current during voltage drops and helps to stabilize the arc, preventing sticking electrodes. However, excessive Arc Force can lead to erratic arcs and potential weld defects. It is crucial to fine-tune the setting until the desired arc stability is achieved without sacrificing weld quality.

• Low Arc Force (0-30%): Soft arc, minimal spatter, ideal for sheet metal and cap passes.
• Medium Arc Force (30-60%): Balanced arc for general fabrication with E7018.
• High Arc Force (60-100%): Aggressive digging action, excellent for root passes, vertical-up, and poor fit-up.

Arc force in a welding machine serves a crucial purpose during the welding process. It proves to be particularly useful when the operator needs to maintain a tight arc and force the metal to the backside of a joint. By supplying additional amperage, the arc force prevents the arc from going out, ensuring a consistent and uninterrupted welding operation. This feature is especially beneficial for individuals who find it challenging to maintain a tight arc, as it provides them with the necessary support and stability to achieve high-quality welds.